The Golden Triangle: A region where opium turned to methamphetamine, fueled by a powerful Chinese mafia.
In the early 19th century, the Golden Triangle - situated on the border of Thailand, Myanmar, and Laos - became synonymous with opium production. The CIA popularized this name in the 1970s as drug trafficking reached its peak, with nearly 700 tonnes of opium produced annually and exported worldwide, often sold as heroin.
However, the region has witnessed a drastic shift in recent years. New illicit synthetic drugs such as methamphetamine and ketamine have gained prominence, manufactured secretly in clandestine laboratories within Myanmar. The Golden Triangle drug cartels, allied to the Chinese mafia, now produce more synthetic drugs than their Mexican counterparts. This burgeoning industry not only endangers the lives of those involved but also funds the civil war in Myanmar that began after the 2021 military coup.
The region's transformation from opium to methamphetamine production is a stark reminder of the evolving landscape of global illicit drug trade. As Justin McCurry, Aruna Popuri, Constantin Simon, and William de Tamaris report, this deadly trade poses significant security challenges and fuels the instability in Myanmar.
In the early 19th century, the Golden Triangle - situated on the border of Thailand, Myanmar, and Laos - became synonymous with opium production. The CIA popularized this name in the 1970s as drug trafficking reached its peak, with nearly 700 tonnes of opium produced annually and exported worldwide, often sold as heroin.
However, the region has witnessed a drastic shift in recent years. New illicit synthetic drugs such as methamphetamine and ketamine have gained prominence, manufactured secretly in clandestine laboratories within Myanmar. The Golden Triangle drug cartels, allied to the Chinese mafia, now produce more synthetic drugs than their Mexican counterparts. This burgeoning industry not only endangers the lives of those involved but also funds the civil war in Myanmar that began after the 2021 military coup.
The region's transformation from opium to methamphetamine production is a stark reminder of the evolving landscape of global illicit drug trade. As Justin McCurry, Aruna Popuri, Constantin Simon, and William de Tamaris report, this deadly trade poses significant security challenges and fuels the instability in Myanmar.